| DEFINITIONS |
Astro-turf
Groups
|
In many campaigns opposed by “Big Business”,
bogus “grass-roots” groups (known as “astro-turf”)
are created by public relations and professional lobbying
firms hired by industry entities, to give the appearance of
widespread community support for their cause. See "Confidence
Game."
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Ban Advocate
|
Those who encourage bans on two-stroke, gasoline
blowers and/or on all blowers.
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Blower
|
Includes all types of blowers, in most cases.
In Los Angeles, electric/battery operated blowers are not
illegal, but they still create fugitive dust and some noise
problems. For this reason, ZAP discourages their use.
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Blower Supporter
|
Those who encourage the use of blowers
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Employer
aka:
Customer
Client
|
The individual who hires an independent contractor,
small business gardener, landscape contractor or business
to clean and/or maintain property outside a residence or within
a residential area.
Note: Landscape contracting companies are, themselves, the
employer of workers. Residents who hire the services
of landscape companies are considered by them to be Clients.
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Fugitive Dust
and
Particulate
Matter (“PM”)
|
“Dust particles that are introduced
[or resuspended] into the air through certain activities such
as soil cultivation, or vehicles operating on open fields
or dirt roadways;” ARB
Report.
and PM,
Consisting of fine dust particles, dried bird and other animal
feces, pesticides, insecticides and other chemicals, street
dirt that can contain lead and carbon, and allergens such
as molds, pollen, and animal dander
|
| Hardscape |
Consisting of, but not limited to patios,
decks, porches, walkways, paths, driveways, sidewalks, gutters,
streets
|
Landscape
|
Consisting of, but not limited to, turf,
lawns, gardens, bedding plants, hedges, trees.
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Los Angeles
|
In all cases herein, unless otherwise specified,
“Los Angeles” refers only to the City, and does
not include Los Angeles County areas outside the City of Los
Angeles.
|
Operator,
User
|
Anyone who operates a machine that propels
air in order to move leaves, grass clippings, pods, dust,
dirt, debris.
This may be the property owner, or a “worker” as
defined below. |
Opposition
|
Group or individual/s that disagree with
the position being discussed.
|
Residence
|
Any legal place of residence such a house,
an apartment of any description (condo, duplex, double), or
a permanently placed mobile home. These may be owned,
leased, or rented by their inhabitants.
A residence is probably in, but is not limited to, residential
areas or residential zones. Many people live in apartments
near businesses.
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Resident
|
Resident implies, but is not limited to,
citizens who can vote for elected officials. Resident
is someone who lives in the City of Los Angeles.
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Survey99
|
A random survey of public opinion conducted
by Zero Air Pollution (ZAP) in the summer of 1999. It
can be found on this web site here.
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Violator
|
Anyone who uses a blower in violation of
a law. In Los Angeles, any person using a blower which
registers over 65dB at a distance of 50 feet in a residential
zone or within 500 feet of that zone; And/or:
Anyone who uses any blower which is not electric within 500
feet of any residence.
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Worker
|
Anyone who is paid to perform work on property
outside a residence, which entails maintenance and clean up
of landscape or hardscape.
This may be a temporary day-worker, regular worker, independent
contractor, small gardening business owner or employee, or
larger landscape company employee, all of which are commonly
referred to as “gardeners”.
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